But since PHP has output buffering enabled by default, that content gets buffered and not sent to the client. Each time we are using echo we are basically telling PHP to send a response to the browser. We all know that in order to send a response to the browser, we have to use statements like echo or print. This is the default way by which PHP sends responses to browsers. Output buffering is a mechanism in which instead of sending a response immediately to browser we buffer it somewhere so that we can send it at once when whole content is ready. When the content of the body tag is generated, it is sent to the browser, and that content can be sent in chunks again, further propagating the illusion of speed. This is quite a powerful technique for creating the illusion of speed. Stylesheet and JavaScript files remain unchanged for most of the time, so many sites also send them along with non-renderable content chunks, so that the browser starts fetching and executing them while the rest of the response is being prepared. Instead of letting users wait, the bigger sites send the non-renderable information to the browser and once the browser starts receiving it, it starts rotating the loading indicator you’ve almost certainly seen when on slower connections. Without them, our content has no meaning at all. that are essential parts of a response, but go unnoticed by end-users because they’re never rendered. HTTP responses don’t consist just of renderable items – there are plenty of other things such as response status code, HTTP headers, cookies etc. But if you send 100 movies in one chunk and display them in the browser while you are preparing the HTML for the next 100 movies, the content will feel like it’s loading quite fast. If you prepare the full response first and then send it to browser, the end-user will definitely feel the delay. For example, you want to display a list of Hollywood movies on a single page. Streaming of HTTP responses simply means sending a response in fixed or variable size chunks to the browser while the webserver is preparing the remainder. Streaming of HTTP responses, however, is quite different from streaming of media content. Streaming seems ideal for giving users the perception that a web-app is loading fast. With the help of streaming, we can watch videos or listen to our favorite music quite efficiently as content is being loaded instantly while the rest of the data is being downloaded behind the scenes. Imagine trying to watch a video and not being able to watch it until it’s fully downloaded into the player’s buffer. Network systems and browsers are now powerful enough to handle transmission of content in a fast and efficient way. This limitation is a remnant of the weak software and hardware of the past, but everything has changed a lot since then. In the traditional HTTP request / response cycle, a response is not transferred to the browser until it is fully prepared which makes users wait. Streaming in web refers to the mechanism of sending responses in chunks rather than sending them at once.
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